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| Email: | utlibrary@uthsc.edu |
|
Types |
1st citation |
Subsequent |
1st citation (Parenthetical format) |
Subsequent |
|
One author |
Walker (2007) |
Walker (2007) |
(Walker, 2007) |
(Walker, 2007)
|
|
Two authors |
Walker and Allen (2004) |
Walker and Allen (2004) |
(Walker & Allen, 2004)
|
(Walker & Allen, 2004) |
|
Three authors |
Bradley, Ramirez, and Soo (1999) |
Bradley et al. (1999) |
(Bradley, Ramirez, & Soo, 1999) |
(Bradley et al., 1999) |
|
Four authors |
Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, and Walsh (2006) |
Bradley et al. (2006) |
(Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, & Walsh, 2006) |
(Bradley et al., 2006) |
|
Five authors |
Walker, Allen, Bradley, Ramirez, and Soo (2008) |
Walker et al. (2008) |
(Walker, Allen, Bradley, Ramirez, & Soo, 2008) |
(Walker et al., 2008) |
|
Six or more authors |
Wassestein et al. (2005) |
Wassestein et al. (2005) |
(Wassestein et al., 2005)
|
(Wassestein et al., 2005) |
|
Groups as authors |
Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2003) |
IOM (2003) |
(Institute of Medicine [IOM], 2003) |
(IOM, 2003) |
|
Groups (no abbreviation) |
University of Pittsburgh (2005) |
University of Pittsburgh (2005) |
(University of Pittsburgh, 2005) |
(University of Pittsburgh, 2005) |
American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed., p. 177). Washington, DC: Author.
|
Types |
1st citation |
Subsequent |
1st citation (Parenthetical format) |
Subsequent |
|
One author |
Luna (2020) |
Luna (2020) |
(Luna, 2020) |
(Luna, 2020) |
|
Two authors |
Salas and D'Agostino (2020) |
Salas and D'Agostino (2020) |
(Salas & D'Agostino, 2020) |
(Salas & D'Agostino, 2020) |
|
Three or more authors |
Martin et al. (2020) |
Martin et al. (2020) |
(Martin et al., 2020) |
(Martin et al., 2020) |
|
Groups as authors |
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2020) |
NIMH (2020) |
(National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2020) |
(NIMH, 2020) |
|
Groups (no abbreviation) |
Stanford University (2020) |
Stanford University (2020) |
(Stanford University, 2020) |
(Stanford University, 2020) |
American Psychological Association. (2019). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed., p. 266). Washington, DC: Author.
It is important that you are familiar with the citation style and should always double-check citations generated from an online website or from a database. Make sure all the information in the citation matches your source, and that the citation is capitalized, formatted, and punctuated correctly. You are responsible for making sure citations are correct.
1. How to cite IOM report: The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health?
2. Can I cite TV series as I think they motivated me in certain way?
3. How do I know I'm on the right track for my paper?
4. Should I use page number when citing a book?
7. I would like to reference a nursing theory from currentnursing.com. How should I cite it?
8. When citing a source, when to use page numbers in the body of a paper?
9. How to cite a statute such as Tennessee Health Care Decision Act?
11. I found a PPT from Tennesse Department of Health. Could you tell me how to cite it?
12. How to cite a secondary source?
13. How to cite a PDF I retrieved from the Blackboard?
14. What is the correct way to cite a topic article from UpToDate?
NOTE: All the citation formats below are based on the official Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th edition.
UpToDate
Author, A. (date). Title of entry. UpToDate. Retrieved Month day, year, from from http://xxxxxxxxx
Articles in UpToDate are available only in that database and have information changes over time. In the reference list, format UpToDate articles like periodical articles. Do not italicize database name if it appears in the text. Use the year of the last update in the date element, and include a retrieval date because the content is designed to change over time and versions of the page are not archived.
STAT!Ref (as suggested by its publishers)
Chapter example:
Freeman, J. A., Alcott, S. B., Derian, A. G., Bailey, C. H. (Ed.). (2020). Clinical evaluation. In W. Frontera (Ed.), DeLisa's Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation: Principles and Practice (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Cite the original source. Use the bibliography tool located at the bottom of each section to find citation information. Use the chapter's authors as the authors.
Entire Print Book
Author's Last Name, First initial. (Copyright date). Title of book. Name of Publisher.
Burgess, R. (2019). Rethinking global health: Frameworks of power. Routledge.
Parenthetical citation: (Burgess, 2019)
Chapter in a Book/Textbook
Author, A.A., & Author, B. B. (2020). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor (Ed.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Publisher Name.
Balsam, K. F., Martell, C. R., Jones, K. P., & Safren, S. A. (2019). Affirmative cognitive behavior therapy with sexual and gender minority people. In G. Y. Iwamasa & P. A. Hays (Eds.), Culturally responsive cognitive behavior therapy: Practice and supervision (2nd ed,. pp. 287-314). American Psychological Association.
Parenthetical citation: (Balsam et al., 2019)
Entire eBook (with doi)
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. doi:xxxxx
Entire eBook (no doi)
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. Publisher Name. http://xxxxx
eBook Chapter (with doi)
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of chapter. In B. B. Editor (Ed.), Title of book. (pp. xxx–xxx). doi:xxxxx
eBook Chapter (no doi)
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of chapter. In B. B. Editor (Ed.), Title of book. (pp. xxx–xxx). http://xxxxx
Journal Article with DOI
Author. (Date). Title of article. Journal Name, Volume number (Issue number), page range. doi:xxxxx
McCauley, S. M., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Language learning as language us: A cross-linguistic model of child language development. Psychological Review, 126(1), 1-51. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126
Parenthetical Citation: (McCauley & Christiansen, 2019)
Journal Article without DOI
Author. (Date). Title of article. Journal Name, Volume number (Issue number), page range.
Example without a DOI with a nondatabase URL:
Ahmann, E., Tuttle, L. J., Saviet, M., & Wright, S. D. (2018). A descriptive review of ADHD coaching research: Implications for college students. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 31(1), 17-39. https://www.ahead.org/professional-resources/publications/jped/archived-jped/jped-volume-31
Parenthetical citation: (Ahmann et al., 2018)
Journal, magazine, or newspaper articles without a DOI from most academic research databases or print versions do not need URLs or database names included. See Section 9:30 of the APA Manual for more information on excluding or including database information in references.
Advanced Online Publication
Huestegge, S. M., Raettig, T., & Huestegge, L. (2019). Are face-incongruent voices harder to process? Effects of face-voice gender incongruency on basic cognitive information processing. Experimental Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000440
Parenthetical citation: (Huestegge et al., 2019)
An Organization’s Webpage (e.g. The World Health Organization)
World Health Organization. (2018, March). Questions and answers on immunization and vaccine safety. https://www.who.int/features/qa/84/en/
Parenthetical Citation: (World Health Organization, 2018)
Report by Government Agency/Other Organization
Name of Government Agency. (Date). Title of document. Publisher name. URL of specific document
National Cancer Institute. (2018). Facing forward: Life after cancer treatment (NIH Publication No. 18-2424). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/life-aftre-treatment.pdf
Parenthetical citation: (National Cancer Institute, 2018)
Magazine Article
Author. (Date). Title of article. Title of periodical, Volume number (Issue number), page range.
Weir, K (2017, January). Forgiveness can improve mental and physical health. Monitor on Psychology, 48(1), 30.
Parenthetical citation: (Weir, 2017)
Online Magazine Article
Author. (Date). Title of article. Title of periodical, Volume number (Issue number), page range. URL [if online]
Bergeson, S. (2019, January 4). Really cool neutral plasmas. Science, 363(6422), 33-34. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau7988
Parenthetical citation: (Bergeson, 2019)